Marking fin spine of juvenile sturgeon (Acipenseriformes: Acipenseridae) using oxytetracycline and the comparing of growth performance / [Marcação da espinha da nadadeira de esturjão juvenil (Acipenseriformes: Acipenseridae) usando-se oxitetraciclina e comparação do desempenho de crescimento]

This study aimed to describe and validate the formation of the rings in the spine of the pectoral fin and to determine the coherence of the OTC mark with the rings of three species of Caspian Sea sturgeon, the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), the Starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) and Ship sturgeon (Acipenser nudiventris). Validation was achieved by comparing the total radius of the fin spine of fish of known age after one and two years of growth with the measured radius of the first and second rings in the zone. There was no overlap between the measured radius for the first year and the increase for the second. The Ship sturgeon showed the largest width of the second ring followed by the Persian sturgeon and Stellate sturgeon. The results indicate that the highest growth parameter belongs to the juvenile Ship sturgeon. This research showed that chemically marking the fin spines of juvenile Acipenseridae leads to unbiased estimates and contributes to the knowledge of the population dynamics of these species. The study found that the combination of the dial ring of the pectoral fin spine with growth validated the age estimation in juvenile sturgeon Ship, Persian, and Starry sturgeon.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever e validar a formação dos anéis na espinha da nadadeira peitoral de três espécies de esturjão do mar Cáspio: o esturjão-persa (Acipenser persicus), o esturjão-estrelado (Acipenser stellatus) e o esturjão-de-navio (Acipenser nudiventris), bem como determinar a coerência da marca OTC com os anéis dessas três espécies. A validação foi alcançada comparando-se o raio total da espinha da nadadeira de peixes de idade conhecida, após um e dois anos de crescimento, com o raio medido do primeiro e segundo anéis na zona. Não houve sobreposição entre o raio medido no primeiro ano e o aumento no segundo. O esturjão-de-navio mostrou a maior largura do segundo anel, seguido pelo esturjão-persa e pelo esturjão-estrelado. Os resultados indicam que o maior parâmetro de crescimento pertence ao esturjão-de-navio juvenil. Esta pesquisa mostrou que a marcação química dos espinhos das nadadeiras de juvenis de Acipenseridae leva a estimativas imparciais e contribui para o conhecimento da dinâmica populacional dessas espécies. O estudo descobriu que a combinação do anel do mostrador da barbatana peitoral espinhal com o crescimento validou a estimativa de idade em esturjão-de-navio juvenil, esturjão-persa e esturjão-estrelado.(AU)

In vitro redox activity of haemozoin and ß-haemozoin interacting with the following antimalarials: artemether, lumefantrine and quinine.

OBJECTIVE: Malaria parasites invade, grow and multiply inside erythrocytes and obtain nourishment from haemoglobin. Then, the released haem group is oxidized to haematin and inert dimeric haemozoin bio-crystals form, which provides the parasite a unique way to avoid the toxicity associated with the haem group. Therefore, antimalarial drugs are designed to inhibit dimer formation; however, recent electrochemical studies indicate that an inert dimer also promotes a toxic oxidizing environment. Therefore, this work explores drug reactivity in the presence of monomers and dimers to evaluate their contribution to redox activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three medicines mixed with haemozoin or ß-haemozoin in carbon paste electrodes were tested using cyclic voltammetry. RESULTS: The data indicated again that the substances modify the natural redox state of haemozoin and ß-haemozoin. This effect could be attributed to the natural oxidation potential of the drugs. In addition, it was found that the oxidation potential decreased through quinine, lumefantrine and artemether with the same tendency in the presence of haemozoin but with less current density. Additionally, it was observed that the oxidation response between the monomer haemozoin and antimalarial drugs is carried out at more negative potentials. CONCLUSIONS: Together, the total results indicate that antimalarials per se can contribute to oxidation processes and that in combination with monomeric or dimeric haemozoin can increase or decrease the oxidizing power of the haemozoin forms. The various oxidizing environments suggest that the cell membranes can also be damaged by the unique presence of the antimalarial.

Effects of dietary supplementation with astaxanthin and ß-carotene on the semen quality of goldfish (Carassius auratus).

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of two carotenoids (astaxanthin and ß-carotene) on the sperm quality of goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758). For this purpose, six diets containing concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of synthetic astaxanthin and ß-carotene were added to a basic carp diet. One group of fish was also fed with a control diet (no added carotenoids). Osmolality, spermatocrit value, and sperm concentration significantly increased in the treatment supplemented with 150 mg/kg of astaxanthin (296.6 ± 1.1 mOsm/kg; 29.2 ± 0.6%; 17.2 ± 0.4 × 10(9) cells/mL, respectively) and ß-carotene (295.2 ± 2.1 mOsm/kg; 32.5 ± 1.6%; 17.9 ± 0.5 × 10(9) cells/mL, respectively). The highest concentration of astaxanthin (10.4 ± 1.4 mg/kg) was recorded in the treatment of A150 (P < 0.05) and did not differ between ß-carotene treatments. The highest motility was observed in the A150 and B150 treatments, and the lowest was observed in the control group (P < 0.05). The artificial fertilization of the treated males with the similar females (fed with the control diet) showed that the fertilization rate in the A150 treatments was higher than in the other treatments (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 150 mg/kg of astaxanthin improves osmolality, motility, fertilization rate, and sperm concentration.

Hemangioma esclerosante pulmonar / No disponible

El hemangioma esclerosante pulmonar es un tumor benigno pulmonar que debe ser considerado en el diagnóstico diferencial del nódulo pulmonar solitario. Presentamos a continuación un caso de un paciente varón de 30 años con antecedente de tuberculosis pulmonar hace 10 años, y quien acudió a consulta por disnea. En estudios de imagen fue identificada una lesión en lóbulo superior izquierdo. Debido a la sospecha de malignidad, se realizó intervenir quirúrgicamente. Se realizó lobectomía de manera satisfactoria. El diagnóstico final fue hemangioma esclerosante pulmonar y a 6 meses de seguimiento, se encuentra asintomático. El pronóstico para el hemangioma esclerosante pulmonar es en términos generales bueno; no obstante, el seguimiento continuo a largo plazo en este tipo de pacientes es mandatorio

Pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma is a benign tumor that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary solitary nodule. We present the case of a 30 year old male patient with history of pulmonary tuberculosis 10 years before. He was refered to our service because of dyspnea. CT-Scan demonstrated a suspicious image in left superior lobe. Due to the high suspicion of malignancy, we decided to perform surgery. Lobectomy was successfully performed. Final diagnosis reported a pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma. At six month follow up, he remains asymptomatic. Prognosis in pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma is good in general terms, however, long-term follow up is mandatory in these patients

Sarcoma del timo asociado a síndrome de vena cava superior / No disponible

No disponible

Resección de tumor de células germinales extragonadal gigante en mediastino / No disponible

Los tumores germinales extragonadales representan menos del 1% de las neoplasias en términos generales. Constituyen aproximadamente el 10% de los tumores de mediastino. La incidencia es mayor en varones de 15 a 30 años. Presentamos a continuación un caso de un varón de tercera década de la vida con un tumor no seminomatoso resecado satisfactoriamente. El tratamiento de este tipo de pacientes es multidisciplinario y requiere, entre otros, del manejo conjunto entre especialistas de patología respiratoria, cirugía de tórax y oncología (AU)

Extragonadal germ cell tumors represent less than 1% of neoplasms in general terms. They account for approximately 10% of mediastinal tumors. The incidence is greater in male from 15 to 30 years. We herein present the case of a third decade patient with a non seminomatous tumor surgically removed successfully. The treatment of these patients is multidisciplinary and demand the management of specialists in respiratory pathology, thorax surgery and oncology (AU)

Leiomiomatosis benigna pulmonar metastatizante / Pulmonary benign metastasising leiomyomatosis

La leiomiomatosis benigna metastatizante se caracteriza por la presencia de lesiones leiomiomatosas pulmonares, en ausencia de criterios clínicos, radiológicos e histopatológicos de malignidad. Nos centraremos en una paciente con antecedente de leiomiomatosis uterina. Se trata de una enfermedad poco común que debe ser considerada en el diagnóstico diferencial de tumores benignos pulmonares. Debido a que el abordaje en el manejo de este tipo de pacientes constituye un reto para el médico responsable de atender patología respiratoria, presentamos a continuación un caso de una mujer con antecedente de histerectomía secundaria a miomatosis uterina y a quien se realizó el diagnóstico de leiomiomatosis benigna metastatizante siendo tratada satisfactoriamente (AU)

Pulmonary benign metastasising leiomyomatosis is an uncommon disease characterized by the presence of pulmonary leiomyomas, in the absence of malignancy criteria in a patient with previous uterin leiomyomatosis. The disease is very uncommon and should be considered amongst the differential diagnosis of pulmonary benign tumors. Due to the challenge that represents to health care providers specialized in respiratory pathology in the diagnosis and management of these type of patients, we present the case of a patient with hysterectomy for uterin myomatosis in which the diagnosis of pulmonary benign metastasising leiomyomatosis was established and treated successfully (AU)

Resección tumoral en bloque y reconstrucción de pared torácica / In-bloc tumor resection and chest wall reconstruction

La resección de una neoplasia pulmonar o mediastínica que afecta simultáneamente a la pared torácica y la reconstrucción del defecto originado por la misma, son procedimientos quirúrgicos que se pueden realizar en un mismo tiempo operatorio. Con la reconstrucción primaria se busca preservar la función respiratoria y la integridad de la caja torácica, permitiendo al paciente una buena mecánica respiratoria, a la vez que un resultado estético satisfactorio y evitando la necesidad de una nueva intervención quirúrgica. Existen diversas técnicas y disponemos de diferentes materiales protésicos para su realización. Presentamos a continuación el caso de un paciente al que se le realizó satisfactoriamente una resección tumoral en bloque y reconstrucción de la pared torácica (AU)

Resection of a pulmonary or mediastinic neoplasm which simultaneously affects chest wall and reconstruction of the defect, are surgical proceedings that can be performed in the same surgical time. The objectives of reconstructing primarily the chest wall are to preserve the respiratory function and the thoracic wall integrity, therefore offering the patient appropriate respiratory mechanics, satisfactory aesthetic result and avoiding the needing for a second surgical intervention. There are several techniques and materials available for the surgery performance. We present the case of a patient who underwent successfully tumoral resection in-bloc and chest wall reconstruction (AU)

Pulmonary capillaritis as a manifestation of acute humoral allograft rejection following infant lung transplantation.

Pulmonary capillaritis has been described in adult lung transplant recipients, but has not been previously reported in pediatric recipients. We report a case of posttransplant pulmonary capillaritis in an 8-month-old infant, and demonstrate evidence of C4d deposition and B-lymphocytes in the allograft, donor anti-HLA antibodies in the serum and a clinical and immunohistochemical response to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (rituximab) therapy. These findings strongly support the hypothesis that pulmonary capillaritis may represent a form of acute humoral rejection in the lung allograft that is less common than, and clinically and histologically distinct from, typical acute cellular rejection.

Pigmentation of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) using Aztec marigold (Tagetes erecta) extracts as the carotenoid source.

Pacific white shrimp were fed diets containing natural pigments from Aztec marigold (Tagetes erecta) petals extracts (esterified and saponified). The pigmenting effect of these carotenoids was compared with a carotenoid-free control diet and a synthetic astaxanthin (Roche Carophyll Pink) supplemented diet. It was found that after 14 days of feeding, the shrimp showed that the saponified marigold extract and the high concentration esterified marigold extract supplemented diets produced a better pigmentation effect (between 50-70%) in the exoskeleton than the astaxanthin, the low concentration esterified marigold extract and the basal diets, the latter diets being non-significantly different among themselves. However, during the same 14 day period, non-significantly different results were observed in the carotenoid content of the shrimp abdominal muscle when fed with all diets except the low concentration esterified marigold extract diet that showed a significantly lower value than the saponified marigold extract diet. These results indicate that the main carotenoid sources in Tagetes erecta, namely lutein and zeaxanthin, are possibly metabolized into astaxanthin and deposited by the Pacific white shrimp.

Pigmentation of Pacific white shrimp (penaeus vannamei) using aztec marigold (tagetes erecta) extracts as the carotenoid source / Pigmentación del camaron blanco del Pacífico (penaeus vannamei) utilizando extractos de flor de cempasúchil (tagetes erecta) como fuente de carotenoides

Pacific white shrimp were fed diets containing natural pigments from Aztec marigold (Tagetes erecta) petals extracts (esterified and saponified). The pigmenting effect of these carotenoid free control diet and a synthetic astaxanthin (Roche Carophyll Pink) supplemented diet. It was found that after 14 days of feeding, the shrimp showed that the saponified marigold extract and the high concentration esterified marigold extract supplemented dists produced a better pigmentation effect (between 50-70) in the exoskeleton than the astaxanthin, the low concentration esterified marigold extract and the basal diets, the latter diets being non-significanthy different among themselves. However, during the same 14 day period, non-significanthy different results were observed in the carotenoid content of the shrimp abdominal muscle when fed with all diets except the low concentration esterified marigold extract diet that showed a significanthy lower value than the saponified marigold extract diet. These results indicate that the main caroteid sources in Tagetes erecta, namely lutein and zeaxanthin, are possibly metabolized into astaxanthin and deposited by the Pacific white shrimp

[Bioassay of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) pigmentation using ancho chili (Capsicum annuum) extracts]. / Bioensayo de pigmentación de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) con extractos de chile ancho (Capsicum annuum).

Farming of trout requires a finishing diet containing pigments such as astaxanthin and canthaxanthin so that they may achieve a pink tissue coloration similar to that of wild trout. The production of synthetic pigments is not enough so that the requirements of the aquaculture industry are not met, besides having a high cost. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the deposition of saponified and esterified chili (Capsicum annuum) extracts in the skin and muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiis). The experiment consisted of three treatments with the inclusion in the finishing diet of saponified and esterified chili extracts and of astaxanthin, respectively. Each treatment was carried out with 150 organisms with an average weight of a 150 g and done in duplicate. The results showed that both the saponified and esterified chili extracts pigmented the skin and muscle of rainbow trout, although the pigmentation effect was less red than that produced by the astaxanthin control.

The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake: issues in medical control.

INTRODUCTION: The role of the base-hospital and on-line medical control in a disaster has not been investigated previously. This study assesses the roles of base-hospitals and the value and feasibility of on-line medical control during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. METHODS: The researchers studied five Bay Area counties most affected by the earthquake: San Francisco, Alameda, San Mateo, Santa Clara, and Santa Cruz. Researchers sent questionnaires to all 1,498 registered EMTs and paramedics in these counties; 620 were returned (41.4%). Respondents answered questions about activities performed, contacts with base-hospitals and other agencies, and problems encountered the night of the earthquake. Researchers selected 63 paramedics for in-depth interviews based on their performance of significant advanced life support (ALS) activities performed during the disaster. The coordinators of the 13 base-hospitals (BHCs) in the region also received and returned questionnaires about medical control, base-hospital roles during the disaster, and problems encountered. Researchers interviewed all five county emergency medical services (EMS) agency directors. RESULTS: The surveys of EMS directors, base-hospital coordinators, and paramedics indicate that confusion existed over the status of medical control after the earthquake. There was general agreement among base-hospital coordinators (BHCs) that suspension of medical control is appropriate in a major disaster. Three bases had appropriate equipment to function as back-up dispatch centers. Eight bases had adequate personnel, but only one BHC felt his personnel had adequate training to function in a dispatch capacity. Nine paramedics did not start or continue resuscitation on patients whom they ordinarily would have begun resuscitation. CONCLUSION: Emergency medical services should suspend medical control immediately following a major disaster and ensure that all prehospital and base personnel are notified. Disrupted communications protocols for prehospital personnel should reflect the skill and knowledge level of paramedics and the need for rapid, advanced practice in a disaster. Disaster planners should consider other roles for base hospitals in major disasters.

The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake: impact on hospital patient care.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the Loma Prieta earthquake regarding patient care in affected hospitals. DESIGN: A retrospective review of medical records using International Classification of Disease, ninth revision (ICD-9) codes and a personal interview questionnaire. SETTING: Fifty-one hospitals in the six-county area most affected by the earthquake. TYPE OF PARTICIPANTS: Patients seeking care in emergency departments of study hospitals and supervising emergency physicians and ED nurses at the time of the earthquake. MEASUREMENTS: ED census data, complaint and diagnosis, disposition, and operative procedures for patients seen during the study period. MAIN RESULTS: Affected hospitals experienced a 15% increase in ED census during the study period. Minor trauma was the most common patient complaint. Open wound (870-897), contusion (920-924), and fracture (800-829) were the most common ICD-9 diagnostic categories. The percentage of patients presenting to EDs during the study period who were hospitalized increased slightly compared with baseline. Seventy-five percent of operative procedures were earthquake related; 63.7% of these were for fracture reduction. Physicians and nurses had somewhat conflicting opinions on adequacy of ED staffing. A small number of emergency physicians had difficulty in obtaining diagnostic tests on the night of the earthquake. Physicians noted no differences in diagnosis or treatment resulting from the earthquake. CONCLUSION: The Loma Prieta earthquake resulted in minimal negative impact on patient care in hospitals in the study area. The use of the ICD-9 classification deserves further consideration and study to improve the predictive value of disaster illness and injury reporting. The event has provided the stimulus for Bay Area hospitals to further improve plans for patient care during a disaster.